Pharmacology All Major Mnemonics

 


1.General Principles:

CYP450 inducers:

"Smoking and Drinking in BARB's CAR RIFS her PHEN" >>> smoking(benzopyrines), chronic alcoholism, barbiturates, carbamazepine, rifampin, phenytoin

CYP450 inhibitors:

"CoKE and Grapefruit juice with your PI" >>> Cimetidine, Ketoconazole, Erythromycin, grapefruit juice, protease inhibitors(ritonavir, indinavir etc) 


Side effect profile of macrolides(from least to the most, go in alphabetical order)>>> ACE>>> azithromycin, calithromycin, erythromycin 

Lupus causing drugs: "it's HIP to have lupus" >>> Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Procainamide

Drugs eliminated by zero order kinetics: "zero PEAs for me" >>> Phenytoin Ethanol Aspirin


Irreversible inhibitors

(non competitive antagonist drugs): phenoxybenzamine(a1), allopurinol(XO), Aspirin(COX1 and2), PPIs(HKatpase) 



2.ANS: 

(b)ethanechol for (b)owels and (b)ladder>>> tx: ileus/post op, neurogenic urinary retention


Meperidine(the only opiate not causing miosis due to anti muscarinic effects) 


Adrenoceptor sensitivity(from most to least: reverse alphabetical order)>>> Dopamine r, beta r, alpha receptors 

(p)henyl(e)phrine: for (p)rostate and (e)yes, also a nasal decongestant! 

Drugs causing flushing:

Vasodilators

Niacin(PG mediated)>>> pretreat with aspirin

Due to histamine release: vancomycin(red man syndrome), morphine(^ICP in head trauma, so avoid), amphotericinB(pretreat with antihistamine) 


(n)orepinephrine: (n)ever lowers bp


-olol: beta blockers only

-ilol/alol

beta blockers+some other blockade activity

(labetalol, carvedilol, sotalol) 



3. CVS and Renal:

Nephrogenic DI(doc: thiazides, if caused by Li+: amiodarone) 

aliski(ren)>>> blockes (ren)in

Drugs causing gingival hyperplasia: -dipines(Ca channel bl), phenytoin, cyclosporine

Drugs of HTN>>> A B C Ds of htn: ACEi/Arb, Beta bl, Ca ch bl, Diuretics

Drugs improving survival in CHF: are either sympatholytics(beta bl) or inhibit aldosterone pathway(acei, arb, spironolactone) 

4.CNS:

Drugs with disulfiram like effects: disulfiram, mertonidazole, cefoperazone, cefotetan, chloramphenicol, griesofulvin(avoid alcohol) 

"Azoles" that are not antifungal: aripiprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, metronidazole etc(look for -conazoles in antifungals) 

Benzodiazepines: "-lam" and "-pam" 

DOC for syndromes causing hyperthermia:

Malignant hyperthermia: dantrolene

Neuroleptic malignant synd: dantrolene

Serotonin synd: cyproheptadine

5. Antimicrobials:

2nd gen ceph: "it's a FACt that i'm a FOXy, FURy man" >>> cefaclor, cefoxitin, cefuroxime

3rd gen ceph: "either AXe it or FIX it" >>> ceftriAXone, cefotAXime, ceFIXime

"tets for ticks">>> tetracycline used for tick borne diseases(rickettsia, lyme disease etc) 

(M)acrolides: mm-mm: for Mycoplasma, Mycobacterium avium- Motilin(receptor stimulated) Methylation(of binding side confers resistance) 

Metronidazole spectrum: "GET BaC on the metro G" >>> Giardia, Entamoeba, Trichomonas, Bacteroides, Clostridium, Gardnerella

Key diseases and their doc:

Syphilis: benzathine pen G

Gonorrhea: ceftriaxone

Chlamydia: azithromycin or doxycycline

Trichomonas: metro

Bacterial vaginosis: metro

UTI/cystitis/prostatitis: TMP/SMX or cipro

"-avir" for "a"ids "vir"us

"- ivir" for "i"nfluenza "vir"us

"-ovir" for "o"mg herpes "vir"us

Ral(teg)ravir: in(teg)rase inhibitor

6. Inflammation:

Microtubule inhibitors: colchicine, vincristine, vinblastine, paclitaxel, griseofulvin

7. Blood

Factor Xa inhibitors "ban" "Xa": -xabans

Ab(cix)imab>>> 2x3=6>>> bl gp(2)b(3)a---Ab(6)imab

8. Endocrine

Am(iod)arone>>> has iodine with thyroid symptoms(either hyper or hypo) 

9. Anticancer:

Bleomycin>>> "blow"mycin>>> pulmonary se(fibrosis) 

Doxirubicin and other" rubicins">>> side e on "ruby"(red) heart

10. Immunopharm:

Tras(tu)zumab>>> tras(2)zumab, blocks erb b(2) for breast(2) cancer

Ce(tux)imab: can wear 1 tux at a time: erb b1 antagonist>>> for head and neck cancers(head nd neck stick out when wearing a tux) 


Good luck👍

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